Summary: The NF-κB/Rel family of transcription factors is comprised of several structurally-related proteins that form homodimers and heterodimers and include p50/p105, p52/p100, RelA (p65), c-Rel/NF-κB. Members of this family are responsible for regulating over 150 target genes, including the expression of inflammatory cytokines, chemokines, immunoreceptors, and cell adhesion molecules. Because of this, NF-κB has often been called a"central mediator of the human immune response.