Summary: Sirtuins are a class of proteins that possess either histone deacetylase or mono-ribosyltransferase activity. Sirtuins are localized in the cytoplasm, nucleus, nucleolus as well as mitochondria. They are associated with aging, cellular protection, sugar metabolism and cell cycle regulation. Unlike other known protein deacetylases, which simply hydrolyze acetyl-lysine residues, the sirtuin-mediated deacetylation reaction hydrolyzes acetyl-lysine and NAD. This hydrolysis yields the deacetylated substrate, O-acetyl-ADP-ribose and nicotinamide, itself an inhibitor of sirtuin activity. Studies suggest that the human sirtuins may function as intracellular regulatory proteins with mono-ADP-ribosyltransferase activity. In Sirtuin Activity Assay Kit, the acetylated p53-AFC substrate is deacetylated by Sirtuins in the presence of NAD+ to generate the deacetylated p53-AFC substrate, nicotinamide and O-Acetyl-ADP Ribose. Cleavage of the deacetylated p53-AFC substrate by the Developer releases the
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